Gerunds and infinitives part 1 put the verb into the correct form. For infinitive verb to exist in a sentence, the sentence must have a main verb that describes the action taking place. Gerund or infinitive exercise 1 1 fill the gaps with the verb in brackets in the appropriate form. Sep 19, 2011 watch this english grammar lesson on gerunds and infinitives to find out.
Fill in the blanks with an infinitive with or without to. The infinitive is used without to after modal auxiliary verbs will, shall, would, should, can, could, may, might and must. An infinitive acts like a noun, adverb or adjective in a sentence. Verbs followed by the infinitive learnenglish british. A verb is the part of a sentence that tells us what the subject performs. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english grammar. Verbs followed by the to infinitive afford agree aim appear arrange ask attempt be be dying beg begin cant bear cant stand cant wait care cease choose claim come continue dare decide demand deserve dread expect fail forget grow guarantee happen hate have hesitate. Its twosided character comes out clearly when it is used as the subject of a. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. Complete each sentence by putting the words in brackets into the correct form. American english but when we are talking about situations, we use the ing form. In english when two verbs come side by side to is placed between them or ing is added to second verb.
British english or american english i love to read long novels. Its twosided character comes out clearly when it is used as the subject of a sentence. There you will get information whether a verb is followed by an infinitive or a gerund. Gerund or infinitive do, to do, doing test english. Infinitive with or without to exercise english grammar.
If they held an election now, the republicans would undoubtedly lose. If you havent already seen it, look at our full verb list here to once and for all settle this difficult grammar point. Complete sentences with these verbs arrive, contact, talk, answer. Pdf verbs followed by an infinitive and gerund anderson.
She decided to stay at home others verbs take the pattern. Common verbs followed by the gerund perfect english. The toform consists of to plus the base form of the verb. The yellowcard holders write down verbs followed by a pronoun and infinitive. Either infinitive should be infinite or finite should be, uh, finitive. Gerunds and infinitives can function as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb. A verb is a word or a combination of words that indicates action or a state of being or condition.
The infinitive form of a verb is the form which follows to. Grammar in use exercise 1 underline the four mistakes in the passage. Defining a rule for the use of infinitive and gerund. English grammar todaycambridge dictionary punkt odniesienia dla gramatyki mowionego i pisanego jezyka. Includes helpful articles, a glossary, quizzes, and a large language reference. He got up very quietly so as not to wake the children. Because an infinitive is not a verb, you cannot add s, es, ed, or ing. This is one more chacrateristic of an infinitive verb. An extension of gerund vs infinitive grammar is to learn how to add an object into the mix. Common verbs followed by the gerund perfect english grammar. The bluecard holders write down verbs followed by infinitives. Many different verbs are followed, or can be followed, by a second verb in the infinitive.
Frequently, the main verb in a sentence is followed by another verb which is either an infinitive with to ex. Infinitive are a verb that are used with the word to, they can are used a lot with the subject it. Note that many of the verbs listed above can also be followed by an ing form or a. After enjoy we have the verb ending in ing, in this case playing. Although infinitives contain verbs, they cannot function as verbs. Verbs followed by infinitive, verbs followed by ing. It took me quite some time to realize that a finite verb is the opposite of an infinitive verb. Note as an auxiliary verb do is always followed by the base form of the main verb infinitive. They can be used in many ways including as the subject of a sentence. Grammar and mechanics using gerunds and infinitives a gerund is a verb form that ends in ing and is used as a noun walking, traveling, voting.
The verb dare can be followed by the infinitive with or without to. Infinitives without to are known as bare infinitives. English grammar today a reference to written and spoken english grammar and usage cambridge dictionary. In such situations, gerunds and infinitives are not normally interchangeable. Online exercises on the use of the gerund as well as the infinitive with and without to. Click on the verb tense to read more about how to form this tense and how it is used, or select a time to see the full list of tenses and references on that time. In english when two verbs come side by side to is placed between them or ing is added to second verb if there is to between two verbs, we call it infinitive and ing added to second verb it is called gerund infinitives and gerunds take the place of a noun in a sentence download gerund and infinitive list pdf down below. If you havent already seen it, look at our full verb list here to once and for all settle this difficult grammar point with reference to the object that is included in the examples. Basically, an infinitive verb is a verb with the word to in front of it. Verbs marked with an asterix can also be followed by a thatclause, as shown in the examples.
The infinitive is a verb form that has some of the properties of a noun. Infinitives english grammar learning infinitives easy pace learning. In english, different verbs have different structures. Infinitives may occur with or without the infinitive marker to. Read the first sentence, and choose the most suitable verb to complete the second sentence. As the object of a sentence, it is more difficult to choose between a gerund or an infinitive. This structure uses gerund verbs instead of infinitive verbs. The gerund as the complement of the verb to be one of his duties is attending meetings. This work is licensed under a creative commons attribution noncommercial noderivatives 4. An infinitive is a verb that has not been conjugated changed to show person or tense. The gerund must be used when a verb comes after a preposition. After days of pointless fighting, the marines were ordered to withdraw.
We can only use the infinitive of purpose if the subject of the main verb and the infinitive. Some english teachers believe that thou shall not split infinitives was written on the. We usually put the marker to before the infinitive. In idiomatic english, certain verbs are followed only by a gerund, certain verbs by an infinitive, and certain. Verbs marked with two asterix can only be followed by a thatclause when the subject of the. English grammar practice exercise, for preintermediate and intermediate level. To sleep functions as a noun because it is the subject of the sentence. The infinitive can work as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. There are, however, four other forms of the infinititive. Verbs followed by the infinitive learnenglish british council. If you want to learn english grammar or grow your vocabulary then these resources will help you with your studies. Infinitives and infinitive phrases english grammar 101. We can use a negative infinitive of purpose by adding not before to.
Infinitives with and without to english grammar today. If they were to hold an election now, the republicans would undoubtedly lose. In english, when we talk about the infinitive we are usually referring to the present infinitive, which is the most common. Exercises on english infinitive focusenglishschool. Unfortunately grammars only give lists and, of course, these lists cant be complete. Many verbs in english are followed by the infinitive with to. Do is used as an auxiliary verb dummy auxiliary in the question form. Usually, the main verb in the sentence determines whether you use a gerund or an infinitive.
We use infinitive verbs to ask and answer questions. Gerund infinitive online exercises english grammar. In general we prefer to use the verb ing after like, love or hate. American english but when we are talking about situations, we use the. To infinitives are often used after adjectives expressing ideas such as desires and emotions. If there is to between two verbs, we call it infinitive and ing added to second verb it is called gerund. The redcard holders write down verbs followed by gerunds.
We use the to infinitive after certain verbs verbs followed by to infinitive, particularly verbs of thinking and feeling. In english, infinitives generally use to with the base present form of the verb. I told him to ring the police two very common verbs make and let are followed by. The hardest thing about learning english is understanding the gerund. Grammar pdf documents and notes lessons for english. In english, if you want to follow a verb with another action, you must use a gerund or infinitive. Each group writes a sentence for each verb on its cards. Infinitive clause, english grammar, advanced english grammar. The verbs like, love and hate can be followed by ing or the infinitive when talking about repeated actions. The present infinitive, english grammar, advanced english grammar.
All of the verbs listed on on this page are followed by a to infinitive when the infinitive is used. Verbs followed by an object and a to infinitive can also be passive. Note that help can also be followed by the infinitive without to with no difference in meaning. Often we do this with in order not to and so as not to. We can use an object before the infinitive with these verbs. Infinitives and gerunds take the place of a noun in a sentence. On the toeic grammar questions there will generally be both choices amongst the answers, so you need to know which one is the right form. The use of gerunds or infinitives after certain nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc. Regular verbs also consist of three forms but, past simple and past participle are formed by adding ed to an infinitive verb. Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. The verb to be is the most common verb in english both as a full verb and auxiliary verb. Thanks for clicking, and welcome to this lesson on five ways to use infinitives. Infinitives with and without to english grammar today a reference to written and spoken english grammar and usage cambridge dictionary.
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